1Gynecology Specialist, University Sanitary Agency Central Friuli (ASU FC) Italy; Board Italian Society of Third Age Gynecology (SIGiTE),
Italy 2Obstetric Gynecology Department, University of Udine, Udine,
Italy 3European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Abstract – Objective: Ovarian cancer is usually diagnosed at advanced stages; it has one of the
worst prognoses among gynecologic neoplasms and it hasn’t got an effective screening program.
It has modifiable risk factors in common with endometrial and breast cancer.
Materials and Methods: Review of literature in Medline..
Results: Risk reduction strategies include body weight normalization, regular exercise, healthy
diet largely based on fiber-rich vegetables with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and
low glycemic loads, appropriate dose of Vitamin D and strategies to reduce exposure to environmental
pollution.
Conclusions: Gynecologic consultation is a good opportunity to give advice and improve lifestyle
targeted to reduce not only ovarian but also endometrial and breast cancer risk and to promote
overall health.
KEYWORDS: Ovarian neoplasms, Primary prevention, Lifestyle, Diet, Endometrial neoplasms, Breast
neoplasms
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